The MTA spent $7.6 billion on resiliency after Superstorm Sandy, and it wasn’t enough. After that, Tropical Storm Ida hit the city in 2021, and Ophelia made landfall in the city this past September.

The agency says by 2050, there will be double the number of days with more than an inch of rain per hour, and three times the number of days hotter than 90 degrees.

Inside the flood-prone Mott Haven Metro-North yard on Thursday, the MTA released its Climate Resilience Roadmap, which addresses coastal surge, torrential rain, sea level rise and extreme heat. Heat is not just an issue for customers on the platforms, but also for the rails themselves and backend equipment.

“We have a 100-year-old system, but it’s very advanced technology that’s running our system,” Jamie Torres-Springer, president of MTA Design and Construction, said. “And that has to stay cool in order to prevent disruptions.”

Subway flooding has led to major service disruptions. The MTA has taken some measures like raising steps to subway entrances. But much of the mitigation depends on the city, like improving curb heights so water doesn’t flow onto the sidewalk and into subway vents. And then there’s sewer capacity.

“We’re talking to the city about capital work that allows to enhance that curb reveal as we say,” Torres-Springer said. “And then more broadly, you need to be able to capture the storm water and drain it. The city system gets overwhelmed above 1.75 inches of rainfall in an hour. They can’t completely rebuild everything, but there are neighborhoods where drainage systems can be improved.”

The railroads are also a concern, like the Hudson Line on Metro-North.

“Forty-one percent of its tracks are adjacent to steep slopes, which makes it vulnerable to mudslides,” Torres-Springer said. “One-sixth of the line’s tracks will be underwater at monthly high tide by the 2050s if we don’t act.”

The price tag to address all this, $6 billion, which the MTA doesn’t have yet. And the money coming from congestion pricing will fund the current capital program first.

“This is work we want to do, but it’s going to have to be funded in the next capital program,” MTA chair and CEO Janno Lieber said. “So, we’re getting started, we’re starting the discussion. Investments of this scale and importance, and the risk New York is facing, we want to get people educated.”

The full details of the next five-year capital program are expected in the fall.